Binders for Additive Manufacturing Using the Binder Jetting Method: Review and Development Trends

Binders play a crucial role in binder jetting, as they determine printing process stability, geometric accuracy, and the properties of the final products. Analysis of modern research shows that the basis of binders is usually water, organic solvents or their mixtures in various proportions, and all three types are of almost equal importance depending on the specific application. Particular attention is paid to the rheological characteristics of binders, which determine the printability, as well as the binder removal process, which affects the phase composition of the resulting products. This review proposes a classification of binders for binder jetting, categorizing them into four types: liquid organic, solid, nanoparticle-filled, and reactive. Further development of binder jetting technology and expansion of its industrial application directly depend on research aimed at creating new binder systems that meet growing industrial requirements. An integrated approach combining chemical synthesis and materials science analysis opens up prospects for the development of specialized formulations adapted to specific classes of materials and functional requirements.