Inclusive Social Entrepreneurship for Persons With Disabilities Through Inclusive Village Chicken Farming: A Community Entrepreneurship Case Study in Bachok, Kelantan

Inclusive entrepreneurship has become an important approach in strengthening the economic participation and social wellbeing of persons with disabilities. In rural communities, small-scale livestock activities such as village chicken farming offer practical opportunities for income generation because they require relatively low start-up capital, can be managed within the household environment and may be adapted to the abilities of persons with disabilities. This study explores the potential of village chicken farming as an inclusive community entrepreneurship initiative for persons with disabilities in Bachok, Kelantan. Specifically, the study aims to examine how village chicken farming contributes to economic wellbeing, entrepreneurial skills, self-confidence and social participation among persons with disabilities. It also identifies the challenges faced in sustaining the initiative, including limited technical training, restricted market access, financial constraints, livestock management issues and the need for stronger community support. A qualitative case study design was employed using semi-structured interviews with persons with disabilities, family members, community representatives and project facilitators. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The study further examined an empowerment pathway linking accessible participation, skills and resources, entrepreneurial participation, economic agency, confidence and social inclusion. The findings revealed five main themes: village chicken farming as an accessible livelihood opportunity, development of entrepreneurial skills and confidence, strengthening of family and community support, social participation and community inclusion, and sustainability challenges in livestock-based inclusive entrepreneurship. The findings suggest that village chicken farming may support empowerment by providing accessible participation opportunities that facilitate skill development, economic involvement and social interaction. However, the sustainability of this empowerment process depends on training, financial assistance, technical monitoring, market access and inclusive community support. Overall, the study contributes to the literature on disability inclusion and rural entrepreneurship by highlighting how small-scale livestock activities may connect livelihood participation with capability development and social inclusion.