Immunity and vaccines for cryptosporidiosis

Cryptosporidiosis contributes significantly to global morbidity and mortality, particularly among children <2 years old in resource-poor countries. Host immunity is critical in limiting infection, and natural Cryptosporidium infection confers protection against subsequent disease, suggesting that effective vaccination is biologically achievable. Both innate and adaptive immune responses are important in clearing and preventing infection. Therefore, an ideal vaccine would stimulate both innate and adaptive immune responses, including those in the intestinal mucosa.