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The Standard Model of particle physics relies on the Higgs mechanism and arbitrary Yukawa coupling constants to generate the masses of elementary fermions, introducing over twenty free parameters without a definitive geometric foundation. This paper presents an alternative, strictly non-perturbative framework within Space Field Theory that explains the origin of rest masses, fractional electric charges, and the three-generation particle spectrum through pure continuum geometry. Synthesizing the concepts of directional vector energy and localized field motion, we resolve the internal topology of a fermion into a dual core-shell architecture. The invariant central core comprises a stable, spin-1/2 pendulum vortex composed of pure polar energy, while the outer shell consists of nested, multi-layered spin-1 bosonic rings whose energy density increments define the particle generations. Under this framework, particle decay is modeled as the mechanical stripping of these discrete bosonic layers (W^±, Z⁰, γ). Furthermore, we demonstrate that the fractional quantum electric charges (2/3e and -1/3e) of quarks are mathematical consequences of non-orthogonal spatial projections under a fixed 60^∘ angular inclination separating the internal color-charge planes and the electromagnetic electric plane. Finally, we establish that the near-degeneracy of the three neutrino masses is governed by the structural configuration of low-energy photon shells, rendering flavor oscillations highly sensitive to localized gravitational torsion. This geometric interpolation eliminates the need for fundamental scalar fields, preserving strict physical continuity across subatomic boundaries.
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Quang Ha Ngo (2026) studied this question.
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