State Obligations Under International Environmental Law: The Principle of Due Diligence in Preventing Transboundary Environmental Harm

This article examines the international legal obligations of states to prevent transboundary environmental harm under international environmental law, as well as the meaning and essence of the principle of due diligence. Under international environmental law, states are required to exercise control over industrial facilities operating within their territories. Accordingly, states must develop and implement all necessary measures to ensure that various environmentally harmful emissions and waste generated by their industrial facilities do not adversely affect the environment of neighbouring states. This article also discusses international treaties, laws, and regulations concerning the principle of due diligence, particularly the establishment of conditions necessary for environmental protection. Furthermore, it examines the essential monitoring mechanisms and projects aimed at preventing transboundary environmental damage. In this regard, states are required to cooperate with one another and carry out environmental monitoring activities to prevent potential environmental harm and ensure environmental security.