Livestock Development in Lampung: Economy, Production, Supply-Demand, and Interregional Commodity Flows

Lampung is one of Indonesia's major livestock-producing provinces, yet a large livestock base does not by itself ensure balanced food availability, resilient supply chains, or effective provincial policy coordination. This study examines livestock development as both a commodity-system and public-governance challenge by integrating economic performance, livestock population and output, commodity-level food requirements, supply-demand balances, recorded interregional movements, and formal provincial policy directions. A descriptive-comparative quantitative design and document-based policy-governance diagnostic are applied to official secondary data for 2021-2025 from BPS-Statistics Indonesia, BPS-Statistics Lampung Province, the Lampung Provincial Livestock and Animal Health Service, and the Ministry of Agriculture. Livestock's share of provincial gross regional domestic product (GRDP) increased from 4.62% in 2021 to 4.85% in 2025, while real livestock GRDP growth reached 7.18% in 2025 after slowing to 0.91% in 2024. Commodity balances were highly uneven: beef and buffalo meat recorded a 7,969-ton deficit with a 69.92% fulfillment ratio, whereas broiler meat and layer eggs recorded surpluses of 42,237 tons and 122,522 tons, respectively. Veterinary movement records simultaneously show strong outward flows of live animals and poultry products and substantial inward flows of day-old chicks and pasteurized milk. These findings indicate that Lampung operates within an interdependent regional livestock system in which production strength does not automatically produce commodity-level adequacy. Provincial policy should therefore move beyond uniform population targets toward differentiated commodity governance that links productivity, animal health, value addition, logistics, interregional coordination, monitoring indicators, and interoperable data governance.