Technical and Economic Feasibility of Replacing Halogen Lamps with LED Technology in the Runway Lighting System at Sentani International Airport

Runway lighting is critical airport infrastructure supporting safe aircraft operations, particularly at night and under reduced-visibility conditions. However, conventional halogen lamps require high electrical power and frequent replacement. This study evaluates the technical and economic feasibility of replacing halogen lamps with Light Emitting Diode (LED) technology at Sentani International Airport. A descriptive quantitative approach was applied through field inventory, technical comparison, LED simulation, and analysis of energy, electricity cost, and investment feasibility across 293 lighting units. The proposed LED configuration reduces installed power from 42.90 kW to 17.13 kW and annual electricity consumption from 187,902 kWh to 75,029 kWh—a 60.07% energy reduction, yielding estimated annual cost savings of IDR 146.14 million. However, economic analysis reveals a 12.02-year Payback Period, an NPV of −IDR 809 million, and a 3.23% IRR (below the 8% discount rate). Consequently, while LED replacement offers substantial technical and energy-efficiency benefits, it is not financially feasible over a 10-year evaluation period based solely on electricity savings. Implementation requires technical verification, regulatory compliance assessment, and a comprehensive life-cycle cost analysis incorporating maintenance benefits.