Smart automation through computer vision and image processing: a systematic literature review

This systematic literature review focused on the role of computer vision (CV) and image processing (IP) in smart automation, including their applications in manufacturing processes, healthcare, agricultural production, infrastructure, and edge computing, as well as their implications for these areas. The OpenAlex database was used to identify relevant studies published between 2013 and 2025. Eight empirical studies were included in this review, each reporting quantitative results. The reviewed articles evaluated the accuracy of classification, average precision, throughput, and various rates of defects detected for specific purposes, such as inspection, pest detection, parking, edge vision, and simulated instrument use. Due to the differences in their findings and contexts, it was not possible to combine the results reported by the selected studies into a single summary estimate. The reviewed articles indicate that computer vision techniques can be utilized to facilitate certain forms of automated decision-making but require additional research into external validity and actual performance after implementation. This article summarizes the eight studies included in the completed OpenAlex search.