Current early prevention protocols for mental health in the American National Collegiate Athletic Association Division 1 athletic departments

Mental health challenges among the American National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I student-athletes are increasingly recognised as critical concerns, yet prevention and intervention strategies remain inconsistent across institutions. This study examined existing mental health prevention protocols, their implementation, and barriers to effective care within Division I athletic departments. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from Athletic Directors, Athletic Trainers, and Mental Health Professionals to assess current practices and identify areas for improvement. Findings revealed substantial variability in mental health protocols, with institutions adapting NCAA recommendations to their specific circumstances. Although many departments implemented annual mental health screenings (81%), mental health education (96%), and embedded clinicians (42%), significant barriers persisted, including limited funding (26%), staffing shortages (27%), stigma (18%), and insufficient administrative prioritisation (6%). Stigma was particularly prevalent among male athletes and those from unsupportive cultural or familial backgrounds. These findings highlight the need for more standardised mental health protocols across Division I athletics. Recommendations include increased funding, greater integration of culturally competent mental health professionals within athletic departments, and enhanced education and training for athletes and staff. Addressing these gaps could strengthen institutional support and promote student-athletes’ holistic well-being.