National Legal Mechanisms for the Protection of Human Rights in Uzbekistan: Stages of Formation and Prospects for Development

The article analyses the main stages in the formation of national legal mechanisms for the protection of human rights in the Republic of Uzbekistan. It examines the legal foundation laid by the 1992 Constitution; the establishment of the Ombudsman and the National Human Rights Centre in 1995–1996; the reforms of 2005–2008, including the abolition of the death penalty and the introduction of habeas corpus; the 2017 Action Strategy; the creation of the National Preventive Mechanism against torture in 2019; the adoption of the National Human Rights Strategy in 2020; and the introduction of the constitutional complaint by the 2023 revised Constitution. The author identifies existing problems and substantiates directions for improving the system.