A Latent Profile Analysis of Clinical Nurses’ Evidence-Based Decision-Making Capacity and Its Influencing Factors in Public Hospitals of Henan Province

Aims To identify latent subgroups of clinical nurses based on their evidence-based decision-making capacity(EBDMC) and analyze the influencing factors associated with each subgroup. Design A cross-sectional study Methods A total of 518 clinical nurses from three tertiary Class A hospitals in Henan Province were recruited via convenience sampling between May and August 2025. The Nurse Evidence-Based Decision-Making Capacity Scale, the Nursing Organizational Climate Scale, the Information Literacy Scale were adopted. Latent profile analysis and multinomial logistic regression were applied to explore nurses’ EBDMC latent subgroups and their predictors. Results A total of 498 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 96.1%. Three latent subgroups of nurses with distinct EBDMC capacity levels were identified: low (17.1%), moderate (54.8%), and high (28.1%). Multivariate analysis revealed multiple significant predictors of EBDMC subgroups (all P < 0.05): educational attainment, occupational passion, recognition of the value of evidence-based practice (EBP), understanding of EBP implementation timing, perceived clinical benefits of EBP, prior EBP experience, managerial attention to EBN, and monthly literature retrieval habits. Conclusion Clinical nurses presented significant heterogeneity in EBDMC capacity. Targeted, systematic and standardized evidence-based nursing training programs can be developed according to the characteristics and predictive factors of each latent subgroup. Clinical trial number Not applicable.