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This work proposes a unified hypothetical framework extending from the quantum to the cosmological scale: the Black Hole–White Wall (BH-WW) model. The model rests on four axioms. (A1) Every particle has a finite temporal thickness, and the product of its spatial volume and temporal thickness is conserved (Ω 4 = ∆V 3 ·c∆τ = const); a particle therefore cannot occupy a single point in three dimensions. (A2) Black holes are not singularities but non-orientable Klein throats, dug by matter itself, that lead from the event horizon to the boundary of the universe (the White Wall). (A3) The universe is closed, non-expanding and eternally old; matter is continuously recycled through a black hole → White Wall → fresh hydrogen cycle. (A4) Heterogeneity is the driving force of motion, time and structure; the throats form a hierarchical drainage network. The framework aims to provide mechanisms, within a single geometry, for problems such as the uncertainty principle, singularities, the information paradox, dark matter, the matter–antimatter asymmetry and the low initial entropy of the universe. Its starting point is that mainstream models isolate the interiors of black holes from the cycle of the universe; BH-WW returns black holes to the system as the valve that closes the cycle, and proposes that the information balloon at the quantum scale and the cosmic cycle are self-similar structures governed by the same Ω 4 principle. This paper is not a proof but the definition of a research programme: it lists the axioms, the observations the model must reproduce, the mathematics required for each problem and the observations that will decide. The main prediction is that galactic centres are deep time wells in which the black-hole formation threshold falls; black holes in the 2.2–5 M ⊙ mass gap should therefore be abundant in galactic centres and nearly absent in outer discs.
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Güven Yarkadaş (2026) studied this question.
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