Multivariate study of renal function in hypertensive patients treated at the Amissa Bongo University Hospital Center

Background Arterial hypertension remains a major public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, with inadequate blood pressure control despite available treatments. Objective To describe the epidemiological, clinical, and biological profile of hypertensive patients and assess associations between antihypertensive treatment, blood pressure control, and renal function. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was conducted from October to December 2025 at the Amissa Bongo University Hospital Center, Franceville, Gabon, including 73 hypertensive patients. Sociodemographic, clinical, therapeutic, and biological data were collected using a standardized questionnaire and analyzed with R software (v4.3.1). Results Mean age was 60.9 ± 15.2 years, with a balanced sex distribution (50.7% male). Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 169.1 ± 31.9 and 101.0 ± 24.9 mmHg, respectively; Grade 3 hypertension predominated (35.6%). Major comorbidities included type 2 diabetes (28.8%), stroke history (19.2%), and chronic kidney disease (16.4%). Perindopril/amlodipine (Coveram®) was the most prescribed treatment (61.6%). Only 23.3% achieved blood pressure control (< 140/90 mmHg). Coveram® use was associated with lower serum creatinine (142 ± 89 vs. 218 ± 341 µmol/L; p = 0.042). Age correlated with systolic pressure (r = 0.38; p = 0.001). Multivariate analyses identified distinct renal, blood pressure-glycemic, and hepatic profiles, with age particularly associated with renal parameters. Conclusion Blood pressure control remains suboptimal despite frequent combination therapy. Perindopril/amlodipine use was associated with better renal parameters. Therapeutic education and closer follow-up are warranted.