A Review on the Enhancement of Mud Bricks Using Agricultural By-Products for Sustainable Construction

Mud bricks are some of the most eco-friendly building materials; however, they are not widely used because they have weak strength, take in a lot of water, do not last long, and are easy to crack. In years, adding farming leftovers to mud bricks has become very popular as a way to make them better and also help reuse waste and build in a green way. This review looks at farming leftovers, like rice husk ash, wheat straw, rice straw, sugarcane bagasse ash, coconut fibres, sawdust and other materials from plants that are used as part of the mix or as support in making mud bricks. The review looks closely at how these materials affect the strength when pushed down, the strength when bent, the weight, how well they keep heat, how much water they take in, how much they shrink, how long they last and the environment overall. The results from the studies show that farming leftovers can make some parts of the mud bricks better if the type, size, amount and how they are handled are just right. But if too much is added, it can make the strength worse, the shape change and the ability to resist water get worse. The review also finds that there is not research on how long the bricks last, how to make the mix the same each time, how they work when made in big amounts and how they affect the environment all the way from start to finish. In the end, using farming leftovers in mud bricks is a way to turn waste from farming into useful building materials, cut down on using normal materials and help build in a low-carbon and recycling way