Service Constraints and Optimization Pathways for Effective Utilization of Public Sports Facilities — An Exploratory Study Based on Project Materials for Research on Utilization and Optimization Strategies of Public Sports Facilities in Western Guangdong

Spatial coverage of public sports facilities does not automatically translate into sustained resident participation. Post‑construction service delivery therefore emerges as an issue to be addressed in grassroots national fitness research. Taking project application documents for Research on Utilization and Optimization Strategies of Public Sports Facilities in Western Guangdong as primary analytical materials, together with mid‑term inspection reports and a business plan, this paper adopts exploratory document analysis. It distinguishes research assumptions, phased records and business forecasts, and draws on perspectives of behaviour change and public‑service co‑production to examine potential mechanisms through which sports guidance services may intervene in facility operations. The analysis identifies major contradictions reflected across the three documents: insufficient usage skills, mismatched service hours, discontinuous organizational links, and unclear responsibility and funding arrangements. Guidance services may improve facility‑use conditions by lowering initial participation barriers, creating predictable activity schedules and supporting repeated engagement. Nevertheless, their effects hinge on facility safety, service continuity and basic open‑access entitlements. Accordingly, this paper proposes an evaluation framework comprising opening compliance, activity participation, public accessibility and operating costs, as well as implementation pathways of site‑specific diagnosis, tiered service provision and ongoing observation. Existing materials are insufficient to estimate intervention effects or draw region‑wide conclusions. The value of this study lies in converting general proposals for “revitalizing facilities” into observable, recordable and further testable service mechanisms, providing analytical evidence for operational improvements of grassroots public sports facilities.