Dynamic capabilities perspective on successful technology commercialization: a meta-analysis

Purpose This study examines how firms' dynamic capabilities shape firm performance in technology commercialization contexts, focusing on the interplay between higher-order dynamic capabilities (sensing, seizing, and reconfiguration) and lower-order dynamic capabilities (technological and marketing capabilities). Design/methodology/approach Drawing on 54 independent samples (N = 16,099), this meta-analysis develops and empirically tests a conceptual framework examining the direct and indirect effects of dynamic capabilities on firm performance, as well as the moderating role of country development. Findings The findings show that sensing and seizing indirectly influence firm performance through technological and marketing capabilities, whereas reconfiguration has both direct and indirect effects on firm performance. Furthermore, country development moderates the relationships between sensing and seizing and technological and marketing capabilities. Originality/value This study advances understanding of dynamic capabilities in technology commercialization by distinguishing the roles of higher- and lower-order capabilities in shaping firm performance. It demonstrates how higher-order dynamic capabilities contribute to performance through technological and marketing capabilities and identifies country development as a boundary condition for these relationships.