Anakinra and Myocardial Injury After Cardiac Arrest in Rats

Post-cardiac arrest myocardial injury is an important component of post -cardiac arrest syndrome and is associated with global ischemia-reperfusion, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammatory activation.Interleukin -1 blockade may modulate ischemia-reperfusion injury; however, its histopathological effects on myocardial tissue after cardiac arrest remain unclear.This study aimed to evaluate the effect s of anakinra on early myocardial histopathological changes in a rat model of asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Twenty-four male Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, sham, and anakinra groups , with eight rats in each group.Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were performed in the sham and anakinra groups.After resuscitation, the sham group received intraperitoneal 0.9% NaCl, whereas the anakinra group received intraperitoneal anakinra at a dose of 50 mg/kg.Cardiac tissues were collected at the sixth minute after intervention and examined histopathologically.Myocardial fiber disorganization, interstitial edema, congestion, and polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration were graded semi-quantitatively.Myocardial fiber disorganization, interstitial edema, and congestion differed significantly among the groups.Compared with the sham group, anakinra significantly reduced myocardial congestion scores (p = 0.015).However, it did not significantly improve myocardial fiber disorganization or interstitial edema.Polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration was not observed at the early post-resuscitation time point examined in any group.Anakinra significantly attenuated myocardial congestion in the early period after asphyxia -induced cardiac arrest and resuscitation, suggesting a selective effect on the microvascular component of post -resuscitation myocardial injury.