Key result
3D electroanatomic mapping enables successful zero-fluoroscopy VDD pacemaker implantation during pregnancy without complications.
Why the study?
Because ionizing radiation increases the risk of malignancy in fetuses, pregnant patients requiring pacemaker implantation need alternatives to conventional fluoroscopy.
Case Report (n=1)
No
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Using a multipolar VDD lead with 3D electroanatomic mapping enables full visualization of the pacing lead length for safe, zero-fluoroscopy permanent pacemaker implantation in pregnant patients with complete heart block and normal sinus node function.
Ionizing radiation is associated with an increased risk of malignancy, especially in fetuses. Therefore, in the rare situation of a pregnant patient in need of a pacemaker, alternatives to conventional fluoroscopy are required. We describe a case of successful implantation of a Ventricle-paced, Dual-sensing, Dual-response pacemaker without fluoroscopy in a 32-year-old female patient using electroanatomic 3D mapping. She had severe bradycardia due to complete atrioventricular block, which impeded intrauterine growth restriction in the fetus.
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SANT'ANNA et al. (2026) conducted a case report in Complete atrioventricular block during pregnancy causing intrauterine fetal growth restriction (n=1). Zero-fluoroscopy VDD permanent pacemaker implantation using electroanatomic 3D mapping (EnSite NavX system with AV Plus 1368 lead) was evaluated on Successful pacemaker implantation without fluoroscopy and maintenance of device function. Zero-fluoroscopy VDD pacemaker implantation using 3D electroanatomic mapping was successfully completed in 65 minutes with 0 mSv radiation and no complications at 3 months postpartum.
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