Key result
Digital tools and advance care planning optimize out-of-hospital heart failure management decisions.
Why the study?
Previous studies examined out-of-hospital heart failure behaviors within fragmented frameworks, leaving a unified conceptual framework explaining how patient decision-making behaviors influence disease management underdeveloped.
This narrative review proposes a unified conceptual framework integrating the 'recognition-interpretation-action' pathway and 'exploration-exploitation' cognitive phenotypes to understand and support patient decision-making in out-of-hospital heart failure management.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May inform phenotype-targeted decision support in out-of-hospital HF; leaves open prospective validation of clinical impact.
Heart failure management is highly dependent on effective out-of-hospital care.Throughout the long-term course of the disease, patients must continuously recognize changes in symptoms, assess the risk of clinical deterioration, adhere to prescribed treatment regimens, modify their lifestyles, and decide when to seek medical care.Previous studies have generally examined these behaviors within relatively fragmented conceptual frameworks, such as self-management, treatment adherence, and delays in seeking care.However, a unified conceptual framework explaining how patients' decision-making behaviors influence out-of-hospital disease management remains underdeveloped.This review organizes the available evidence according to a "recognition-interpretation-action" decision-making pathway in out-of-hospital heart failure management, examines the potential influence of "exploration-exploitation" decision phenotypes on disease-management behaviors, and summarizes feasible strategies for decision support.
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Dan Han (2026) conducted a review in Heart failure. Exploration-exploitation decision phenotypes and recognition-interpretation-action decision-making pathway was evaluated on Out-of-hospital disease management behaviors (symptom recognition, risk interpretation, and action selection). Out-of-hospital heart failure management follows a recognition-interpretation-action decision chain shaped by exploration-exploitation phenotypes, supported by digital tools and advance care planning.
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