Aging and social support networks: An overview of scientific production and contemporary challenges

Population aging is a global phenomenon that poses complex challenges for health policy, particularly in middle-income countries such as Brazil. Social support networks are therefore critical to preserving the quality of life and mental health of older adults. This study presents a bibliometric review of global scientific production on this topic using the Scopus database (July 2025). The bibliometric approach was used to clarify how the field has evolved, which countries and concepts structure its knowledge base, and which research agendas remain insufficiently developed in the post-COVID-19 period. A total of 466 documents from 86 countries were analyzed to map trends and gaps. The United States led scientific production with 126 publications, while Brazil ranked fourth with 35. Scientific output increased markedly between 2021 and 2025, coinciding with pandemic-related demands and renewed attention to social support. Keyword analysis revealed six thematic clusters centered on “social support,” “quality of life,” and “caregivers,” as well as emerging topics such as “digital health” and “psychological resilience.” Despite its interdisciplinary character, the field still lacks longitudinal studies, comparative designs, stronger evidence on technology-mediated support, and intersectional approaches. Further research is needed on equity-seeking groups and the effects of digital technologies on caregiving and social connection. We conclude that consolidating the field will require stronger international scientific collaboration and innovative public policies designed to strengthen support networks in response to changing social dynamics.