The life path and scientific achievements of the great anatomical scientist Boris A. Dolgo-Saburov (for the 125th anniversary of his birth)

The article is dedicated to the 125th anniversary of the birth of the Soviet anatomist, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Major General of the Medical Service Boris A. Dolgo-Saburov (1900–1960). The life and main stages of the career of the anatomist B.A. Dolgo-Saburov are presented. The process of developing his interest in anatomy as an academic and fundamental scientific discipline is described. A detailed analysis of the period of his leadership of the departments of normal anatomy at the Naval Medical Academy (1940–1950) and the Military Medical Academy (1950–1960) is provided. Boris A. Dolgo-Saburov was a prominent functional anatomist: he successfully developed the problem of the functional anatomy of the vascular and nervous systems, making extensive use of experimental research. His main scientific directions were: the functional anatomy of blood vessels and collateral circulation; morphofunctional studies of the peripheral nervous system, particularly the nerve pathways within the vagus nerve; and interneuronal and neurovascular relationships in the central nervous system. The creation of the craniological collection during the Great Patriotic War should be considered a true feat of the staff of the department under the leadership of B.A. Dolgo-Saburov. The scientific ideas of B.A. Dolgo-Saburov were further developed in the works of his numerous colleagues and students, and the craniological collection formed on his initiative remains to this day the basis for conducting modern anatomical and clinical and anthropological studies.