Harvesting Energy from Roadways for Smart and Sustainable Cities

Industry, modernization, and urbanization started in the 21st century.At present, we live lavishly with everything automated and machine-driven.Cars and expensive vehicles use more gas.A.C. and other features are energy intensive.Road cars waste energy by vibration, heat, etc.There are various ways to harness waste and renewable energy.In this work, harvesting energy through solar energy, geothermal energy, piezoelectric technology, thermoelectric generators and wind energy installation on the roadside and their cost comparison analysis have been analysed.Furthermore, the air density, wind velocity and power output from wind turbines are analyzed in major cities of India (Like Chennai, Erode, Coimbatore, Bangalore, Mumbai and Delhi).For analysis, a 200 W wind turbine is considered, and it develops a maximum power output of 3.47 W in Bangalore and Coimbatore cities and a low power output of 3 W in Mumbai when the cross-sectional area of the turbine is 1 m 2 .The results indicate huge potential for developing harvesting energy on the roadside through different energy sources.