Mediastinal Mass With Recurrent Hemorrhagic Pleural Effusion

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

Case Presentation A 55-year-old man was admitted with a 2-year history of recurrent dyspnea and exertional breathlessness, accompanied by intermittent blood-tinged sputum. During this period, he had been hospitalized 7 times at external institutions, where he underwent extensive investigations including fiberoptic bronchoscopy, endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration, mediastinoscopy, thoracoscopy, and CT imaging-guided biopsy of a mediastinal mass. Empirical antituberculosis therapy also was administered, but no definitive diagnosis was established.