Instructional Development of Learners in Terms of Socioeconomic Status, Mental Health, and Academic Performance in Selected Public Elementary Schools in Mandaue City Division: A Correlational Study

This study aims to examine the relationships among socioeconomic status, mental health, and academic performance among learners in selected public elementary schools in the Mandaue City Division. Specifically, it seeks to determine the learners’ socioeconomic conditions in terms of household income, parents’ or guardians’ educational attainment and employment status, housing and living conditions, availability of educational resources, and access to basic needs and essential services. It also aims to assess learners’ mental health in terms of emotional well-being, psychological well-being, stress and anxiety, social well-being, interpersonal relationships, self-esteem, self-confidence, and coping and adjustment. Academic performance will be examined primarily through learners’ official general academic averages, subject to school authorization and applicable ethical requirements. The study will employ a quantitative descriptive-correlational research design involving a proposed sample of 360 learners from Grades 4 to 6 in six selected public elementary schools: Basak Elementary School, Maguikay Elementary School, Paknaan Elementary School, Tipolo Elementary School, Subangdako Elementary School, and Canduman Elementary School. Data will be gathered using a researcher-made questionnaire that will undergo expert validation and appropriate reliability assessment. Authorized academic records may also be utilized to obtain objective measures of academic performance. Descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation or weighted mean, will be used to summarize the data. Appropriate correlation analysis will determine the direction, strength, and statistical significance of the relationships among the three major variables, while regression analysis may be conducted when its assumptions are satisfied. Ethical safeguards, including parental or guardian consent, learner assent, confidentiality, and data privacy, will be observed. The findings are expected to provide localized evidence that may guide schools, families, and education stakeholders in developing appropriate academic assistance, socioeconomic support, and mental-health promotion initiatives for elementary learners.