Perlindungan Hukum Para Pihak dalam Akta Jual Beli Tanah oleh PPAT

Land transactions require legal certainty because land is a high-value asset and disputes frequently arise from defective documents, lack of authority, absence of required consent, or procedural irregularities. This article examines the legal protection available to sellers and buyers in the preparation of a land sale and purchase deed (Akta Jual Beli/AJB) by an Indonesian Land Deed Official (Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah/PPAT). The research applies a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. Primary legal materials include the Basic Agrarian Law, Government Regulation on Land Registration, and regulations governing the PPAT office, while secondary materials consist of relevant legal scholarship and journal articles in the field of notarial law. The analysis indicates that legal protection is not created by the deed alone. It depends on the PPAT’s compliance with authority and formal requirements, careful verification of the parties and land documents, explanation of the deed content, proper signing before witnesses, and follow-through on registration requirements. Sellers are protected when payment and transfer conditions are accurately recorded, while buyers require assurance that the seller is entitled to transfer the land and that the transfer can be registered. A deed may be challenged where material defects, forgery, lack of consent, or other legal violations are established. The article concludes that preventive due diligence and accurate documentation are central to reducing disputes, without eliminating the possibility of judicial review or liability where unlawful conduct is proven.