Key result
Dyslipidemia is linked to ~48% higher incident cardiovascular disease risk in Korean cohorts.
Why the study?
Although hypertension, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, and hyperglycemia are established CVD risk factors, their mutually adjusted associations and cumulative burden had not been well characterized across multiple Korean prospective cohorts.
What are the mutually adjusted associations of metabolic risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia) and cumulative metabolic burden with incident cardiovascular disease in Korean adults?
Cohort (n=179,941)
Yes
What are the mutually adjusted associations of metabolic risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia) and cumulative metabolic burden with incident cardiovascular disease in Korean adults?
In a pooled analysis of 179,941 Korean adults, dyslipidemia and hypertension remained independently associated with incident CVD across all cohorts, with overall CVD risk increasing alongside cumulative metabolic burden.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports cumulative metabolic risk assessment in Korean adults; extends observational data on independent associations but leaves causal effects and generalizability open.
Hypertension, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, and hyperglycemia are established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but their mutually adjusted associations and cumulative burden have not been well characterized across multiple Korean prospective cohorts. We evaluated these associations and explored dietary patterns associated with baseline dyslipidemia. We analyzed data from 179,941 participants from three cohorts of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Dietary intake was assessed using the KoGES semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate cohort-specific associations of four metabolic abnormalities with incident CVD. Dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis, and their cross-sectional associations with baseline dyslipidemia were examined using multivariable logistic regression. After mutual adjustment, dyslipidemia and hypertension remained associated with incident CVD across all three cohorts. The pooled HRs (95% CIs) were 1.48 (1.25–1.74) for dyslipidemia, 1.29 (1.16–1.43) for hypertension, 1.19 (1.07–1.32) for abdominal obesity, and 1.21 (1.10–1.34) for hyperglycemia. CVD risk increased with the number of metabolic abnormalities. Among three dietary patterns, the Coffee and Sweet Food pattern was cross-sectionally associated with dyslipidemia (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.04–1.11). Dyslipidemia and hypertension remained independently associated with incident CVD across three Korean cohorts, while CVD risk increased with cumulative metabolic burden. The cross-sectional association between the Coffee and Sweet Food pattern and dyslipidemia highlights a potentially relevant dietary correlate of dyslipidemia in Korean adults.
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Yoo et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Metabolic risk factors (dyslipidemia, hypertension, abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia) and incident cardiovascular disease (n=179,941). Dyslipidemia (as well as hypertension, abdominal obesity, and hyperglycemia) vs. Absence of respective metabolic abnormality (without dyslipidemia) was evaluated on Incident cardiovascular disease (coronary artery disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, or cerebrovascular disease/stroke) (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.25-1.74). Dyslipidemia (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.25–1.74) and hypertension (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.16–1.43) were independently associated with increased incident cardiovascular disease risk across three Korean cohorts.
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