A case of bilateral sequential central retinal vein occlusion secondary to chronic myeloid leukemia

Chronic myeloid leukemia can cause central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). When combined with other systemic diseases and other factors, the clinical diagnosis and treatment become much more difficult. This report presents a complex case of bilateral CRVO in a patient, detailing the ocular manifestations, treatment process and prognosis. A 44-year-old male Chinese patient with chronic myeloid leukemia, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension initially presented with CRVO and macular edema in the right eye. Despite regular intravitreal anti-VEGF injections, the right eye developed secondary neovascular glaucoma, resulting in a poor prognosis. During the treatment period, CRVO accompanied by macular edema also occurred in the left eye; after 10 anti-VEGF injections, the condition stabilized and the vision improved. Clinically, multifactorial CRVO requires comprehensive systemic etiological assessment, early combined systemic and ocular intervention, and multidisciplinary individualized treatment to optimize long-term prognosis.