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Optimizing health and management of medical conditions before conception can improve the likelihood of becoming pregnant and of an uncomplicated pregnancy. This article reviews best practices in preconception medical care for cisgender pregnancy-capable women desiring conception to optimize their fertility, improve their perinatal well-being, and decrease the likelihood of pregnancy complications. Given that almost half of all pregnancies in the United States are unintended or mistimed, internal medicine physicians are well positioned to proactively provide reproductive counseling and care.
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Aliberti et al. (2026) studied this question.
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