Massive cervicothoracic emphysema after a dental procedure – A series of case reports

Cervical emphysema after dental treatment is a rare complication, which could result in deep neck infections, pneumothorax, air embolisms or even sepsis. Early diagnosis is a key factor in its successful management. The authors present two case reports of patients with massive cervicothoracic emphysema after dental treatment. Both patients were admitted to the ENT ward for observation; a CT scan eliminated serious complications and prophylactic antibiotic treatment was administered. The patients did not develop any further complications; the emphysema withdrew within days and both patients were discharged in less than 7 days. Cervicothoracic emphysema after dental treatment is uncommon but is a potentially fatal complication. An early and correct diagnosis is crucial. In most cases, a conservative approach is sufficient. More severe cases with the involvement of the deep neck spaces and thorax may require a more intensive approach.