Determinants of BIM-IoT Integration in Nigeria’s Construction Industry: An Empirical Assessment

Building Information Modelling (BIM) and the Internet of Things (IoT) can be used to integrate structured asset information and real-time data from the construction site and building operations. However, for adoption to occur there must be alignment in technical ability, organizational readiness, and workforce competency and the external environment. This study focuses on these four dimensions based on the responses of the construction professionals in Nigeria using questionnaires. A total of 220 questionnaires were sent out, with 186 responses that were useful, yielding a response rate of 84.5%. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) reported found a technological, organizational, environmental and human dimensions (72.30%). The correlations of the BIM-IoT adoption with the four factors of technological, organizational, human and environmental are reported as positive with values r = 0.756, r = 0.712, r = 0.689 and r = 0.645, respectively. Multiple-regression results showed positive coefficients for technology (β = 0.42, p = 0.001), organization (β = 0.35, p = 0.003), human factors (β = 0.28, p = 0.008) and environmental factors (β = 0.21, p = 0.015). The highest reported coefficient was for technology readiness, followed by organizational capability. The results indicate that the implementation of BIM-IoT should be seen as a socio-technical change process, not just a technology acquisition. Practical considerations involve interoperability, standards enabling and workforce development and management sponsorship. The design is cross sectional and there are not all the diagnostics in the statistical output, so results are interpreted as associations rather than causal effects.