Branch Obstructions for Area-Minimizing Currents and Flat Critical Points of Weakly-Conformal Maps

We study two problems motivated by the local geometry of conformal $ϕ$-curves. First, let T be a k-dimensional locally area-minimizing integral current in Euclidean space, with k≥3, codimension at least two, no boundary, and a locally conformally flat induced metric on reg T. We prove the following branch obstruction: at any rapid-decay branch point whose planar frequency differs from $2$, every nonzero cyclic component of every cylindrical normalized tangent function has repetition multiplicity at least two. Consequently, the nonintegral-frequency points of densities $2$ and $3$ in the rapid-decay branch set have Hausdorff dimension at most $k-3$. On the full branch set, they have zero Hᵏ⁻² measure. These conclusions apply to Euclidean image currents of conformal $ϕ$-curves with locally conformally flat domains, provided the image currents satisfy the stated hypotheses. Second, for Cʲ weakly-conformal maps between smooth Riemannian manifolds, with domain dimension k≥3 and j≥2, we prove that all derivatives of orders $1$ through j vanish at every critical point. As a consequence, for smooth weakly-conformal maps with connected domain, we establish a curvature condition under which the map is constant or has no critical points. The flatness and continuation results apply in particular to conformal $ϕ$-curves with the corresponding regularity and curvature assumptions. Finally, we examine the Borůvka cone, which illustrates the role of regularity and the distinction between critical points and branch points.