Het MOG-glycoproteïne als diagnostiek voor auto-immune myeline-ziektes zoals MOGAD: een literatuurstudie

MOG glycoprotein as a diagnostic biomarker for autoimmune demyelinating diseases such as MOGAD: a literature review Introduction: MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system with a heterogeneous clinical spectrum. Diagnosis relies largely on the detection of MOG-IgG, but the interpretation of these tests remains complex. Methods: Systematic literature review according to the PICO framework. Databases: PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar. Inclusion: studies from 2016 onward focusing on the diagnostic accuracy of MOG-IgG testing. Results: Cell-based assays (CBA) are the current standard. Live cell-based assays (LCBA) demonstrate higher sensitivity than fixed assays (FCBA), while specificity remains high for both. Positive predictive value varies substantially depending on the clinical pre-test probability and antibody titer. Low titers and atypical phenotypes increase the risk of false-positive results. False-negative results are influenced by assay type, timing, and treatment. Conclusion: MOG-IgG testing is a valuable but context-dependent diagnostic tool. Interpretation requires integration of technical and clinical factors.