Dental Arch Relationships in 730 Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate: A Modified GOSLON Assessment of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography-Derived 3-Dimensional Models

Objective To determine the frequency of poor and very poor dental arch relationships in a cohort of patients with cleft lip/palate using a modified GOSLON assessment and to identify associated clinical characteristics. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Tertiary institutional cleft and craniofacial center. Patients and Participants Consecutive patients with cleft lip/palate who underwent alveolar bone grafting (ABG) from 2005 through 2022 and had postgraft cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) before orthognathic surgery. Interventions ABG and post-ABG CBCT Main Outcome Measure(s) Poor and very poor dental arch relationship, defined as a modified GOSLON score of 4 or 5 on 3-dimensional reconstructed CBCT images. Results The sample included 730 patients (59.5% male) with a median age of 12 years (inter quartile range, 10-17). A modified GOSLON score of 4 or 5 was present in 495 patients (67.8%). In unadjusted analyses, cleft type and site of primary repair were associated with a poor or very poor dental arch relationship ( p < .05 for both). Conclusions In this cohort, 67.8% of patients with cleft lip/palate had a modified GOSLON score of 4 or 5, indicating poor and very poor dental arch relationship. Cleft type and site of primary cleft repair were associated with this outcome in unadjusted analyses.