Negotiated Space

Public markets are dynamic architectural spaces wherein informal vending practices continuously reshape formal spatial planning. The study investigated the negotiated spatial practices that led to the morphological transformations of informal market stalls at the Toril Public Market in Davao City. Specifically, this investigation focused on the material alterations to market stalls, the relationships between vendors and market officials, and the implications of these alterations for the circulation and accessibility of space. We used a convergent mixed-methods research design involving comparative spatial mapping, AutoCAD overlay technique, architectural measurement, photography, official market records, and semi-structured interviews with vendors, market officials, and long-time users of the market. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired-samples t-test. Thematic analysis and triangulation were used to analyze qualitative data. The study revealed major morphological changes, including an increase in stall footprint, enclosure changes, spatial invasion, and blockage of circulation. The mean area of the 17 selected stalls increased from 5.19 m² to 10.03 m², representing a 93.26% increase and nearly doubling the original mean area. The size of the stalls differed significantly (t=-9.36, p<0.001) between the original and current sizes. The results emphasize the importance of negotiated spatial practices for the architectural organization and functional performance of the market. The study concludes that while informal spatial adaptations meet vendors' operational needs, they compromise efficient circulation, accessibility, and regulatory compliance. The research suggests the need for adaptive architectural planning, collaborative governance of markets, and flexible design approaches to meet user needs and ensure the functionality, safety, and sustainability of public markets.