Research progress on wetting surfaces inspired by biological microarray structures

Through thousands of years of natural evolution, many organisms in the natural world have developed unique characteristics. With the rapid advancement of feature engineering technology, interest has been sparked in the special wettability surfaces found in nature. This has led to efforts to incorporate the macro- and microstructures with exceptional wettability from nature into modern engineering materials, endowing them with similar functionalities. This paper, from the perspective of mechanical cutting processing, systematically reviews the application of biomimetic wetting surfaces and the latest research progress in their manufacturing technologies. Firstly, it introduces the structural characteristics of typical biological surfaces and the functional mechanisms related to their wetting behavior; secondly, it reviews the main application fields of special wetting surfaces; subsequently, it focuses on summarizing the research progress in constructing micro-structures of wetting surfaces based on cutting techniques such as turning, milling, grinding, and vibration-assisted processing; finally, it discusses the current main challenges and looks forward to the future development directions. This paper aims to provide systematic reference and guidance for the design, manufacturing, and engineering application of biomimetic wetting surfaces based on mechanical processing.