Biomechanical Injury Mechanisms and Preventive Measures of Ankle Injuries in Ball Games

Ankle joint injury is one of the most common lower limb injuries in ball sports, not only directly affecting the competitive performance of athletes, but also having a high recurrence rate and prone to developing into chronic strain, threatening the sports lifespan of athletes. This article takes football as a typical representative, combined with basketball, volleyball, badminton and other ball sports, and systematically reviews the main types of ankle joint injuries from a biomechanical perspective, explains three injury mechanisms: acute specific action abnormal load, chronic repetitive load accumulation and vicious cycle of mechanical imbalance after injury, and summarizes the corresponding prevention and rehabilitation intervention measures. The study found that although the high-incidence scenarios of ankle injuries in different ball sports vary, the core biomechanical mechanisms have commonalities. Targeted muscle strength training, proprioceptive training and functional rehabilitation are key to prevention. This research can provide a reference for the prevention of ankle joint injuries in different ball sports and provide a theoretical basis for optimizing training and rehabilitation plans.