Integrated modeling and design framework for solar water pumping systems

Solar water pumping systems require coordinated interactions among photovoltaic generation, motor-pump conversion, hydraulic transport, and storage, yet these subsystems are often designed separately. This study develops a unified analytical framework integrating solar-resource variability, temperature-dependent photovoltaic conversion, total dynamic head, pump–motor operation, storage autonomy, and system sizing within a solar-to-water energy-conversion structure. The framework comprises five modelling stages, three interacting energy domains, six functional components, and four coupled design variables. It establishes analytical relationships for photovoltaic array sizing, PV–pump operating-point matching, overall system efficiency, daily water production, and storage autonomy, while tracing irradiance variability through electrical, mechanical, and hydraulic subsystems. The implementation workflow supports subsequent deployment in MATLAB, Python, or Modelica. By consolidating established governing equations, the framework provides an optimization-ready basis for integrated system analysis, design, and future validation.