Correlates of Teen Dating Violence Chronicity: A Short-Term Prospective Study

Teen dating violence (TDV) is a widespread issue that can persist across time and relationships, posing significant risks to adolescent development and well-being. This study aimed to (1) document TDV experiences and associated health consequences across levels of TDV chronicity and (2) examine individual, romantic and sexual, family, and peer-related correlates of TDV chronicity. The sample included 2,159 adolescents who reported being in a romantic relationship and completed questionnaires at two time points, six months apart. TDV was assessed across three reference periods (lifetime prior to Wave 1; past year at Wave 1; past six months at Wave 2). Overall, 36% of adolescents reported no TDV, 31% reported TDV at one period, 26% at two periods, and 7% across all three periods. Chronic TDV was characterized by greater co-occurrence and frequency of TDV, as well as more severe health consequences (i.e. injury and post-traumatic stress symptoms). Girls and adolescents with histories of childhood sexual abuse and neglect, peer victimization, and sexual harassment were more likely to report chronic TDV. Adolescents reporting chronic TDV also showed higher psychological distress, greater acceptance of teen dating violence, more affiliation with delinquent peers and friends who are victims of TDV, and lower levels of self-efficacy in dealing with TDV. They were also more likely to be sexually active, have had more romantic partners, and be involved in longer relationships. Findings highlight the need for multi-level, trauma-informed prevention strategies targeting cumulative interpersonal adversity, individual vulnerability, and social and gender norms.