Terapi Ruqyah dan Orientasi Teologis: Analisis Komparatif Pandangan Praktisi Terafilasi NU dan Muhammadiyah di Jawa Barat

This study aims to comparatively analyze the perspectives of ruqyah practitioners affiliated with Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah, specifically regarding the theological constructs and procedural aspects of ruqyah practice. Employing a qualitative approach with a case study design, the research gathered data through interviews with ruqyah practitioners and organizational leaders from both NU and Muhammadiyah, observations of ruqyah therapy sessions, and document analysis. Data analysis utilized interactive and cross-case models. The findings reveal that while both groups share a common normative foundation—relying on the Qur’an and Hadith as primary sources and rejecting shirk (polytheism)—they differ significantly at the epistemological level and in their institutional orientations. NU-affiliated practitioners adopt an accommodative-holistic model that is open to local traditions, views the Qur’an as a cure for all ailments, and accommodates the dimension of the transcendent body. Conversely, Muhammadiyah-affiliated practitioners employ a purificatory-dualistic model that limits ruqyah to the dimension of healing of the heart, demands rigorous verification of scriptural evidence, and strictly separates the medical realm from the spiritual. Differences are also evident in practice procedures, particularly regarding the use of physical media. These findings reinforce and expand upon previous studies that tended to portray ruqyah as a monolithic practice without examining the variations stemming from organizational affiliations.