Emerging Perovskite Quantum Dots for Optoelectronic Sensing–Memory–Computing Neuromorphic Systems

With the explosive development of artificial intelligence (AI), unprecedented demands have been imposed on modern computing hardware. Conventional von Neumann architectures suffer from inherent data throughput and energy efficiency bottlenecks due to physical isolation between computation and memory units. In this context, brain-inspired neuromorphic computing system enabled by emerging optoelectronic synaptic devices (OSDs) has emerged as a highly promising and transformative alternative, offering a viable pathway toward next-generation intelligent computing systems featuring parallelism, low power consumption, and high efficiency comparable to biological neural networks. Perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) exhibit exceptional optoelectronic properties, making PQDs-based OSDs (PQDs-OSDs) a research hotspot. This review summarizes recent advances in PQDs-OSDs including the material characteristics and synthesis methods of PQDs, as well as the device structures, working mechanisms, and applications of PQDs-OSDs. We systematically introduce the applications of PQDs-OSDs in brain-inspired computing and artificial vision. Furthermore, the critical challenges of stability and scalability are comprehensively discussed, providing fundamental insights for advancing the application of PQDs-OSDs in optoelectronic sensing-memory-computing neuromorphic systems.