On the free-boundary incompressible porous media equations with surface tension

We study the free-boundary incompressible porous media equations with surface tension in dimension $1+d$. For fixed positive surface tension, we establish local well-posedness for arbitrary initial interfaces in Hˢ⁺¹ and density perturbations in Hˢ, with $s>(d+3)/2$. When $s>(d+5)/2$, we justify the local vanishing-surface-tension limit for stable interfaces and sufficiently small density perturbations. In a finite-depth strip over Rᵈ with a flat bottom and fixed positive surface tension, we prove global well-posedness and uniform anisotropic energy bounds for small compatible perturbations of an equilibrium with strictly stable stratification, under a horizontal low-frequency condition.