Surface Modification of Mg Alloys for Biomedical Applications through the Electrospinning Process: A Review

Magnesium (Mg) exhibits mechanical properties that are closer to those of natural bone than conventional metallic implant materials. However, its rapid corrosion in physiological environments may compromise implant integrity before bone healing is complete and releasing lots of hydrogen into the tissue. Electrospinning has become an edge. The present work reviews the electrospinning surface modification technique of Mg alloys. The use of nanofiber polymeric coatings loaded with active agents in order to enhance the corrosion inhibition, biocompatibility and bone response is discussed. but, achieving reliable adhesion between the electrospun coating and the Mg substrate, while maintaining its stability in physiological environments, remains a significant challenge. This review tracks the development of electrospinning from single-jet systems to multi-jet systems, which enable the creation of a multifunctional fiber for a complex medical need. However, three issues remain: coating adhesion, the durability of coatings and scaling up production. To sum up, electrospinning has great potential for Mg alloys. By solving these problems, these coatings could move Mg implants from the 'danger zone' into the 'safe zone'.