Key result
AI for intracoronary OCT and IVUS shows promising technical performance in segmentation and plaque assessment, though clinical value requires prospective evaluation.
Why the study?
Artificial intelligence is being developed to analyze intracoronary OCT and IVUS images for vessel segmentation, plaque and calcium characterization, plaque phenotyping, physiological assessment, and PCI planning.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
AI applications in intracoronary OCT and IVUS show promising technical performance for lesion assessment and PCI planning, but require prospective evaluation to prove clinical outcome benefits and should currently be used only as clinician-supervised decision support.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is being developed to analyze intracoronary optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images. This narrative review examines applications in vessel segmentation, plaque and calcium characterization, plaque phenotyping, physiological assessment, and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) planning. OCT provides high-resolution assessment of superficial plaque and stent structures, whereas IVUS provides deeper vessel-wall information. Automated segmentation and quantitative measurements show promising technical performance, although results vary by model, imaging feature, and validation setting. Evidence for physiological inference and prognostic assessment remains largely observational, and diagnostic agreement or association with events does not establish that AI-guided care improves clinical outcomes. These tools may support individualized lesion assessment and procedural planning, but their clinical value requires prospective evaluation. At present, AI should be used as clinician-supervised decision support, with attention to image quality, uncertainty, and model limitations.
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Sasso et al. (2026) conducted a review in Coronary artery disease undergoing intracoronary OCT or IVUS. Artificial intelligence in intracoronary OCT and IVUS was evaluated. AI for intracoronary OCT and IVUS shows promising technical performance in segmentation and plaque assessment, though clinical value requires prospective evaluation.
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