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Metal nanoparticle (MNP)-oxide nanocomposites have emerged as a versatile materials platform in which nanoscale interfacial engineering enables enhance-ment of functional performance and has attracted central attention. This review critically examines recent advances in MNP-oxide interactions with particular emphasis on titanium dioxide-based systems, highlighting their role in governing multifunctional properties. We survey common oxide matrices (TiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, CeO2) and metallic additives (Au, Ag, Cu and alloys), focusing on how nanoparticle size, morphology, dispersion and surface chemistry regulate interface bonding, defect chemistry and stress transfer. Beyond TiO2, comparative insights from ZnO, Al2O3 and CeO2 systems are also presented. Finally, challenges related to dispersion control, scalability and multifunctional optimization are outlined, together with future directions encompassing atomistic modelling, hybrid archi-tectures and artificial intelligence-driven materials design. The review establishes an interface-centric framework for rational engineering of mechanically robust, multifunctional oxide nanocomposites.
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Mukherjee et al. (2026) studied this question.
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