Postural control, weight-bearing asymmetry and vibration perception in osteochondral lesions of the talus: a case-control study of group differences and their associations

To compare weight-bearing asymmetry, vibration perception, postural stability, and patient-reported outcomes between individuals with osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) and healthy controls, and to explore associations among these outcomes within the OLT group. In this cross-sectional case-control study, 25 patients with OLT and 25 demographically matched healthy controls were assessed. Pain intensity was evaluated using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale. Weight-bearing asymmetry was measured under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions using two digital scales. Vibration perception was assessed with a 128-Hz tuning fork over the first metatarsal head and medial malleolus. Static balance was evaluated using the one-leg stand test, and dynamic balance using the Y Balance Test. Foot and ankle function was assessed with the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS). Demographics were similar between groups ( p > 0.05). The OLT group demonstrated greater weight-bearing asymmetry with eyes open ( p = 0.023) but not with eyes closed ( p = 0.118). Vibration perception was reduced in the OLT group at the first metatarsal head ( p = 0.010) and medial malleolus ( p = 0.017). Static balance was worse in the OLT group under both eyes-open ( p = 0.001) and eyes-closed conditions ( p = 0.002). Dynamic balance was lower for anterior ( p = 0.002) and posteromedial reach ( p = 0.001), while posterolateral reach did not differ ( p = 0.093). In the OLT group, pain correlated negatively with FAOS–Activities of Daily Living ( r = − 0.470, p < 0.05), and vibration measures correlated with balance and FAOS subscales ( p < 0.05). Individuals with OLT exhibit altered loading strategies, reduced vibration perception, impaired static and dynamic balance, and worse patient-reported function compared with healthy controls. These exploratory associations between sensory function and balance require confirmation in future interventional studies before any clinical or rehabilitation implications can be drawn. Level II, Prospective Comparative Study. Not applicable.