Correlation of Practical Experience and Learning Effectiveness with Shipping Safety Awareness

Shipping safety awareness is essential for reducing operational risks, yet empirical evidence integrating practical experience and learning effectiveness in Indonesian maritime education remains limited. This study aims to examine the relationships among practical experience, learning effectiveness, and shipping safety awareness among participants in maritime education and training. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted at Politeknik Ilmu Pelayaran Semarang from February to June 2026. Data were collected from 215 respondents using a 30-item questionnaire measured on a five-point Likert scale. The instrument demonstrated acceptable item validity and high internal consistency. Spearman Rank correlation was used as the sole inferential analysis because the questionnaire responses were ordinal and the available normality diagnostics indicated non-normal distributions. The results showed strong, positive, and significant relationships between practical experience and learning effectiveness (ρ = 0.746, p < 0.001), practical experience and shipping safety awareness (ρ = 0.782, p < 0.001), and learning effectiveness and shipping safety awareness (ρ = 0.796, p < 0.001). The contribution of this study lies in examining practical experience and learning effectiveness together as complementary factors associated with shipping safety awareness in the Indonesian maritime education context. The findings provide an empirical basis for integrating practical training and effective instructional processes in maritime education.