Development of Smart Monitoring Systems Using Internet of Things Technologies

The rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) has created new opportunities for designing intelligent monitoring systems capable of collecting, transmitting, processing, and visualizing information in real time. Conventional monitoring solutions often depend on manual measurements, isolated devices, and centralized processing, which may limit operational efficiency and the timely detection of abnormal conditions. This study aims to develop a conceptual architecture for a smart monitoring system based on IoT technologies and evaluate its functional characteristics through technical and comparative analysis. The proposed architecture integrates sensor nodes, wireless communication networks, edge computing, cloud infrastructure, and intelligent data-processing mechanisms. MQTT and CoAP protocols are examined as communication solutions for resource-constrained devices, while edge-based filtering and anomaly detection are incorporated to reduce unnecessary data transmission and improve system responsiveness. The analysis identifies the principal functional requirements, architectural advantages, operational limitations, and performance indicators of the proposed system. The findings suggest that combining distributed sensing with edge-cloud processing provides a promising foundation for scalable and adaptive monitoring applications. However, quantitative improvements in latency, energy consumption, and reliability require experimental validation. The study provides a technical framework for the subsequent implementation of IoT-based monitoring systems in industrial, environmental, and infrastructure applications.