Real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma across Asia: a multicenter Asian Myeloma Network study (AMN010)

Despite significant therapeutic advances, most patients with multiple myeloma (MM) eventually relapse and require successive lines of therapy, with progressively shorter remissions and increasing drug refractoriness [ 1 , 2 ]. Treatment patterns and outcomes of relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) patients in Asia differ substantially from those reported in Western populations due to differences in drug availability, reimbursement, healthcare infrastructure, access to clinical trials, patient and carer preferences [ 3 ], and potentially disease biology [ 4 ]. Despite these important differences, real-world data describing treatment sequencing and outcomes across Asia remain limited. We therefore conducted a multinational and multiregional Asian Myeloma Network (AMN) study to characterize real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in MM patients receiving second line (2 L), third line (3 L), and fourth line (4 L) therapy, to provide a benchmark for RRMM treatment management across Asia.