Surgical techniques for swan neck finger deformity correction

Swan neck deformity of the finger is a condition that is both aesthetically displeasing and functionally disabling, characterized by hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal joint and flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint. Mild cases result in clumsiness during grasp initiation, while severe deformities can cause clicking or snapping during proximal interphalangeal joint flexion attempts. Patients often report pain during finger flexion and diminished grip strength. This paper aims to provide a detailed definition of the pathology and to summarize available treatment options, from conservative splinting to the range of surgical techniques used to correct the deformity.