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The e ow around an idealized road vehicle at Reynolds numbers up to 10 5 has been simulated using large eddy simulation; the numerical technique is based on the immersed boundary approach, which allows efe cient calculations to be carried out on a Cartesian grid. The effect of the Reynolds number and the wake modie cations produced by drag reduction devices attached to the base have been analyzed and compared with available experimental data. Averaged drag coefe cient and mean velocity proe les are in good agreement with measurement. The effect of subgrid-scale modeling (Smagorinsky and dynamic model ) has also been studied.
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Verzicco et al. (2002) studied this question.
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